As I become more and more engaged with BIM and speak to more
organisations working in the area, the more I come to believe that we need to
understand the evolution and development of BIM in a wider context.
At present I see BIM (if that is really its name) as a
child, a young child who is just about to enter adolescence and start to learn
about the world it lives in and where it fits into the big scheme of
things. Anyone reading this who is young
enough to remember or old enough to have children going through this stage of
development will know what a difficult, confusing and turbulent time it can
be. As a grandparent now, I understand
that this period is short lived but as important to producing a well-rounded
functioning adult as our early years ever were.
Adolescence is the period that shapes who we will be in our future. It is the time where we learn about
ourselves, look up to heroes, develop dreams for the future and sadly, learn
that the world is no longer such a simple place and that we will eventually
have to live with the consequences of our actions.
So, back to BIM.
A very basic (and probably not very accurate) potted history
as I see it.
Conception
BIM started out as a marriage between 2D CAD and 3D
modelling software. At some point these
two got together and said “we should make a baby that combines the clarity of
drawing things on paper with what humans actually see when they look at
things”.
Gestation
Drawing and modelling came together over time and made a
tool that allowed you to draw something (in a traditional way) and then extrude
it to produce a 3D version of the drawing.
These were called 3D models and the pieces of the model were called
objects, these objects had things called parameters…..
Are you asleep yet?
OK so, BIM developed over time and transferred from being
just a design tool to capturing enough meaningful data that people could use it
to quantify materials, quantities etc.
This allowed it to progress into the construction industry
as contractors could now ‘see’ what the end result should look like. The QS could tell them what items they would
need to build it.
The next evolution allowed BIM to sequence the act of
placing all these parts together. We
could then place all these models in ‘the cloud’ so that people could discuss
and clarify things during construction.
The software now allows us to virtually build a building and check to
make sure all the parts fit together (clash detection) and to do this before
the first ground is broken for real.
This brings us to the present day where we have managed to
get a process and a number of tools to the stage that we can virtually design
and build a building, iron out most of the problems and manufacture the parts
specifically to avoid waste (in time, materials and cost) during the
construction phase.
So, what are the current challenges?
There are lots of different disciplines, using many software
applications producing lots of models that don’t always work together. In order to reduce this we are moving towards
standardisation of information used. Some examples are COBie, IFC, Uniclass
2015…. The list goes on.
Whilst this bringing together of information to allow
buildings to be constructed goes on (and it is required, don’t get me wrong),
it is clear that we are falling into the adolescent trap that we know
everything and don’t need any help.
By this I mean, we are dealing with the short term problems
concerned with talking to each other so that we understand what we want to know
today without actually thinking about the future.
Consider for a moment, the purpose of a building. Do we build them to provide architects with
jobs or construction companies with somewhere to stack steel and concrete? No,
of course not, we build them for a purpose, to serve a particular activity or
function.
Well, yes. I hear you say, that’s pretty obvious.
So why then, are we not engaging with the end user to find
out what they want and need to look after this beautiful baby once it is born?
At present the BIM process is concerned with producing a
baby with a view to dropping it off at the orphanage with some documentation
but, no history or guidance on how to look after it. Sure, we provide O&M’s, we might in the
future provide a 3D model but hey, it’s not our responsibility to make sure it
functions properly or that we used the best materials or the most reliable
equipment is it?
OK, so you can see where I’m going with this? As a parent
(building owner/operator) I want to have input into creating my baby. I want to know that I have the best possible
materials and equipment going into it. I
want to know that someone hasn’t just bought the cheapest kit on the shelf but,
the best kit for my building. Stuff that
is going to last and be reliable, stuff that I know will work and won’t end up
costing me more to run than 10 of the cheaper bits of kit in the bargain
store. I want to keep all my records in
one place so that my team know where they are, can operate everything
efficiently, replace anything that breaks and do it quickly with the correct
replacement. I want to know that when it
does come to the time where things have to be replaced or demolished that the
materials I’ve used can be easily removed from where they are (MOD, destroyers,
say no more…) and re-used for something else or recycled at the end of their
life.
I’m not getting that at the moment because the teenagers are
not interested in the ‘big picture’ they just want to sort out their own world
and don’t appear to care if they are doing things the hard way or if they are
not considering the consequences of what they do now for users in 10-50 years’
time.
Time for BIM to evolve into the next iteration.
Buildings are used for something, they are not just built
and left empty (if yours are, you’re doing it wrong). Start at the end and bring what that end is
into the beginning. BIM (I’m still not
convinced we should still be calling the process BIM) gives the world a much
bigger opportunity than saving a few pounds during construction.
BIM the process, could be about a new way of looking at our
built environment (not just buildings) and ensuring that we do it better,
cleaner, less wastefully and more sustainably in general. The meagre savings (not to be sniffed at)
being realised during the CAPEX stages of BIM will be eclipsed by the Lifecycle
savings that could be made by bringing Operate & Maintain to the heart of
the discussion and not, as it currently is, consigned to the end of the
process.
“One day lad, all this will be yours” and I don’t mean the
curtains.
If you are working in or considering BIM for your
organisation and want to understand the wider implications of the Operate &
Maintain requirements, contact us to discuss training or consultancy. Our aim is to improve our experience of the
built environment through education and involvement.
